The capital of Tajikistan, a city of republican significance, the largest scientific, cultural, political, economic, industrial, and administrative center of the country. The highest state authorities of Tajikistan are in Dushanbe, including the residence of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan in the Presidential Palace. The highest flag in the world has been erected in Dushanbe, which is included in the Guinness Book of Records. The population of the city is more than a million people.

The time of the origin of the ancient settlement on the territory of the modern city is not precisely established. During the research conducted on the territory of Dushanbe, various household items of ancient people who lived here at the end of the Stone Age, in the Neolithic era, in the 4-3 millennium BC were discovered, which are currently on display at the National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan in the center of the country.